Contemporary Issues On Public Management - 3046 Words

Comprehensive Exam in Public Administration id 2346 1 CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN PUBLIC MANAGEMENT Select one example or issue from the public sectors of a major public policy. Explore in essay how that current policy problem in government is relevant to and then undercuts the quality of public service and the operation of key regime values and political character traits In his book Theories of the Policy Process (2007) Paul Sabatier described the public policymaking process as follows: â€Å"problems are conceptualized and brought to government for solution; governmental institutions formulate alternatives and select policy solutions; and those solutions get implemented, evaluated, and revised† (p. 3). For the purpose of this essay the Social Security and its financial soundness problem will be considered. The alternative solutions to this problem will be reviewed. The range of services provided by the Social Security Administration will be reviewed with an emphasis on quality component of the public service delivery. The financial soundness of the Social Security system is an important issue which gets frequent attention from politicians, public servants, citizenry, and media. If the established system would fail financially at any point in the future, it will significantly undercut the quality of public service and undermine the trust of citizenry in the existence of the safety net within the country. It is important to understand the nature of the problems existing within theShow MoreRelatedEnvironments Of The Four Contemporary Management Approaches To Management834 Words   |  4 PagesThere are four known contemporary management approaches that include: sociotechnical theory, organizational behavior, quantitative management and systems theory. These management approaches are essential in analyzing the different organizational environments, including internal, macro and competitive environments. This paper will look at the different contemporary management approaches, define open systems and describe the internal, macro and competitive organizational environments. It will alsoRead MoreWeber s Stress On The Formal Aspect Of Organization952 Words   |  4 Pagesvalue-free bureaucracy rather doubtful. During the 1980’s and 1990’s the New Public Management approach placed focus on the economy, efficiency and effectiveness of government organizations, instruments and programs, and higher quality service delivery. This new model of public sector management, often regarded by many authors as not a reform of the traditional public administration, but a transformation of the public sector and its relationship with government and society† (Hoos, J., G.Jenei andRead MoreThe Role Of Contemporary Organisational Structures And How It Is Influencing People Management Practices1068 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction This essay is a description of contemporary organisational structures and how it is influencing people management practices. Moreover, it will also outline the flexibility within the contemporary organisations. I am focusing mainly on contemporary organisation studies by which we can understands how an innovative strategy leads to new job design, organisation structure and ultimately people management practices. Now-a-days, it is an essential tool in any organisation high performanceRead MoreFederal Emergency Management Agency ( Fema )1616 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: According to Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), there are many factors that will affect the direction of emergency management in the coming years. These can be classified as global challenges, global opportunities, national challenges, national opportunities, professional challenges, and professional opportunities. Global Challenges include some issues like global climate change, increasing population and population density, increasing resource scarcities, rising incomeRead MoreA Perspective Of Traditional Budgetary System1577 Words   |  7 Pages A perspective of traditional budgetary system has rapidly changed during recent years. As the traditional budgeting system has been found in both private and public sector organisation, it may be seen that it is crucial component of business since it may be more relevant to the current business environment. In addition, primary budgetary system already has overcome current business challenges and been facing an increase of compe titive in business context. However, there are still some exist potentialRead MoreImportance of Motivation in the Workplace1640 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Employee motivation remains a key issue for the attainment of organizational outcomes. The contemporary organizations seem well versed with the reality of the fact that a motivated workforce is indeed the most critical aspect of the strategic success of the organization. The theories of motivation are the stout pillars that influx the real essence of a functional performance management system in an organization. The following paper highlights the peculiar aspects of the literature pertainingRead MoreContemporary Challenges for Criminal Justice Administrator839 Words   |  4 PagesThis following paper is on contemporary challenges for the criminal justice administrator and will focus on the courts area. The major issues and satisfactions of this particular role will be described also. Also the questions of whether or not this course has helped prepare me will be discussed as well. When it comes to a court administrator, they are generally selected by the County and Circuit Court Judges to assist Chief Judge in carrying out the administrative duties of the court. The overallRead MorePublic Relations Institute Of New Zealand Essay1517 Words   |  7 Pagesreference list) Introduction Public Relations (PR) is not solely media relations, doing outreach itself is PR and the practice of PR is becoming increasingly important with reliance on information technology we currently have today. Public Relations works through intermediaries to communicate with an audience and influence them, going beyond an organisation s publics. Due to their being little or no control over such influences, or intercessors, renders Public Relations more difficult, allowingRead MoreConflict Management Styles Among Corporate Ceos Nigeria1430 Words   |  6 Pagesthe topics relates to each of the frameworks used, and identifying which frame work best applies to the topic: â€Å"Conflict Management Styles among Corporate CEO’s in Nigeria†. Also the extract below introduces the theory of â€Å"conflict management† thus describing the conceptual perspectives that informs the different forms behavior by which conflict may be handled. Conflict management Rahim and Bonoma (1979) researched and separated the styles of managing conflict. The two authors devised two basicRead MorePerception That The Management Is The Key Decision Maker1218 Words   |  5 Pagesperception that the management is the key decision maker and attempt to meet and fit to the management needs and try to get ahead on the courtship phase (p.878). Fiolleau et al. indicated that the incumbent auditor on this study perceived that the management’s decision to switch audit firm has been done and the motivation of the issuance of RFP possibly because of the incumbent auditor’s has more local long term relationship with the board and the audit committee than the management (p.878). Fiolleau

Corporal Punishment Essay - 1366 Words

Over the years, the use of corporal punishment or physical punishment, which is also known as spanking, has been argued and debated upon. Children need to be disciplined and though there are different forms of discipline, sometimes all a child needs is a little spanking to set them straight. Corporal punishment is the deliberate infliction of pain as retribution for an offense, or for the purpose of disciplining or reforming a wrongdoer, or to deter attitudes or behavior deemed unacceptable. The argument over whether to spank or not to spank usually devolves into two points of view. The â€Å"No Spankers† contend that spanking is child abuse, and that it is associated with various adult pathologies. They have consistently argued that there†¦show more content†¦Spanking, when it is done for the right reasons, that is, for wrong done by a child, does no harm but rather helps to strongly send a message to that wayward child that you as a parent are serious and that negative behavior has to stop. Though I am at an age where my parent spanking me is totally inappropriate, I survived the spanking of my early years and I believe I am a better adult because of it. I turned out to be a law-abiding citizen, who, as insignificant as it might be, has never seen the insides of a police car, let alone a police station. I believe that the effects of spanking a child cannot be decided through study or research. People are born with different characteristics; some childre n do not have to be spanked before doing what they are asked to do, while some children are belligerent and need that pat on the butt now and then to put them on the right path. I completely disagree that children who are spanked turn out to have trust issues or lose sight of the differences between right and wrong. The fact that they were able to notice or discover these traits in these children that were spanked when they were little does not prove a direct correlation. There could be more to these traits that lies underneath. What I do agree with though, is that spanking makes a child discontinue his or her negative behavior to avoid being spanked and this helps create betterShow MoreRelatedCorporal Punishment1764 Words   |  8 PagesCORPORAL PUNISHMENT RESEARCH STUDY CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION AND PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS 4.1 INTRODUCTION To interpret something is to give it a meaning., Ttherefore, data analysis is the act of organising and reducing the data to a more manageable and interpretable form (Krà ¼ger, De Vos, Fouchà © Venter, and 2005: 218). To put it more concisely, data analysis is the organisationing of raw data into more concise and intelligible data which can later be analysed (BlessRead MoreCorporal Punishment Is Not Uncommon851 Words   |  4 Pagesbeginning of recorded history, parents have used corporal punishment as a form of discipline. Bible verses such as this instructs us that spanking as a form of corrective behavior coincides with Christian ideology. In the early stages of a child’s life, before the ability to understand reasoning and explanations, corporal punishment is necessary to correct undesirable behavior and promote discipline. In recent years, this particular form of punishment has been banned in educational institutions andRead More Corporal Punishment Essay895 Words   |  4 PagesCorporal punishment is a very controversial topic that is being discussed amongst educators across the nation. Corporal punishment refers to any physical form of punishment, but in this case it refers to in schools. Currently there are many different terms used to label corporal punishment, for example, it has been called spanking, paddling, caning, lashing, popping, smacking, whipping or beating. Each term carries its own different meaning, but they all represents some form of corporal punishmentRead MoreEssay on Corporal Punishment1745 Words   |  7 PagesThe deciding factor in the future of corporal punishment is seen in the Ingraham v. Wright Supreme Court case. In 1970, James Ingraham, an eighth grade student of Drew Junior High School was one of the many beneficiaries of corporal punishment distributed by Willie Wright, the principal of the high school. The rationality behind Ingraham’s punishment was that he was slow to respond to his teacher instruc tions. As a result, his teacher sent him to the principal office where he bent over the tableRead MoreEffectiveness of Corporal Punishment1320 Words   |  5 Pagesof punishment is most efficient in eliciting avoidance behaviors. For a number of years the debate about the use and effectiveness of corporal punishment by teachers has divided educators, parents and ministry officials. As a result, researchers has tried their best to determine whether punishment or harm to a child does indeed thwart misbehavior and encourage students to follow the rules and regulations set forth by the schools. Although, Trinidad and Tobago has banned corporal punishment itRead MoreCorporal Punishment in Schools1531 Words   |  7 PagesCorporal punishment in schools Advocates of school corporal punishment argue that it provides an immediate response to indiscipline and that the student is quickly back in the classroom learning, rather than being suspended from school. Opponents believe that other disciplinary methods are equally or more effective. Some regard it as tantamount to violence or abuse. In the United States and the United Kingdom, and generally in the English-speaking world, the use by schools of corporal punishmentRead MoreIs Corporal Punishment Child Abuse?841 Words   |  4 Pagesthat corporal punishment is a part of the list of child abuse. Corporal punishment should not be considered child abuse whether in the home or in public schools, because it has long been used in society for hundreds of years and has proven to be an efficient and suitable punishment for children. Corporal Punishment- punishment of a physical nature, such as caning, flogging, or beating. (Farlex). Corporal Punishment is mainly thought of only in schools but can also include a kind of punishment inRead MoreCorporal Punishment Is A Form Of Physical Punishment1363 Words   |  6 Pages Corporal punishment is a form of physical punishment that inflicts pain on kids for their negative actions such as spanking. This topic is controversial because some people feel very strongly that they should be allowed to continue using these methods and others feel very strongly that they should not be allowed to. I feel as if this method of punishment is inhumane and should not continue to be used. The modernization of psychology has proved that hitting children will not help them learn thatRead MoreCorporal Punishment in Schools1484 Words   |  6 PagesCorporal Punishment in Schools Corporal punishment is the deliberate infliction of pain as retribution for an offence, or for the purpose of disciplining or reforming a wrongdoer, or to deter attitudes or behaviour deemed unacceptable (Miller, Vandome, amp; McBrewster, 2009). Corporal punishment can be divided into three categories, these include: judicial, domestic and school. For the purpose of this essay we will be focusing on school corporal punishment, the advantages and guidelines to followRead MoreCorporal Punishment And Its Usage986 Words   |  4 Pagesof whether or not parents and teachers should use corporal punishment in the name of discipline had caught my eye for several reasons. One of the most important reasons is that I was beaten by a wooden paddle while I was growing up. I was about 12 years of age when my teacher beats all of my classmates including me just because one of us was misbehaving. That was in Baghdad, Iraq, where teachers and parents are allowed to use corporal punishment freely wi thout any fear. Another reason is that I was

Primary Responsibility of Every Company †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: What Is The Primary Responsibility Of Every Company? Answer: Introduction Due to the irresponsible activity by BP, there was a major leakage of crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico, which disrupted the smooth flow of operations of the entire region. Furthermore, many industries like tourism, fishing, etc were badly hampered because of the oil spill. As a result, some of such industries even had to be shut down in order to avoid additional losses in their businesses. Moreover, the spill also resulted in a significant drop in the oil prices from $86.19 to $68.03 in the year 2010. After evaluating such circumstances, BP undertook the liability of sustaining the entire environment (Jefferson Bowling, 2011). These activities included compensation processes, cleaning up activities, and research activities. Nonetheless, the company aimed to restore the entire economy so that the harmful effects of the disaster can be controlled. Legitimacy theory Legitimacy theory depends on the social contract ideology wherein companies seek a Accounting interconnection with the society in order to obtain a secure accessibility of resources. Furthermore, companies rely on such social value and the assumption of societies that are associated with the organizational performance. Nonetheless, a discrepancy is of primary concern to the company, thereby posing a risk to its legitimacy. Such risk or threat to legitimacy is a key concern that must be addressed because it hampers the bond betwixt the company and its stakeholders, thereby limiting its resources. Moreover, this can be in the form of a massive threat that can enhance strict regulations by the government, a lesser level of employment, disinvestment by creditors, fall in customers demand, etc (Broder, 2012). Considering all these issues, it is vital that the company must conduct its activities in a manner that is not detrimental to stakeholders interests, thereby assisting in the attainment of key goals. In the case of BP, legitimacy crisis had occurred due to the massive tragedy, and to assure an effective public response, it is important to pursue an effective form of disclosure in reporting measures (Jacobson, 2013). However, the company had no past record of precautionary measures that would be implemented in case of an oil spill. On a whole, the company defied the theory of legitimacy. Stakeholder theory This theory is associated with detecting who are the stakeholders of the company and the way by which they interact and implement them upon the organization. Besides, companies that can frame an effective interconnection with their stakeholders can perform better than other organizations. On a whole, with the assistance of social contracts, such companies make the stakeholders responsible for their objectives. The tragedy on April 20 shook the entire Gulf coast because many industries were affected and some even had to be shut down. Moreover, the combined economic affairs of such affected industries amounted to more than forty billion dollars. The residents do not possess a direct authority over the company but in relation to long-run, they pursue an indirect authority. Furthermore, based on this theory, BP must enhance its bonds with stakeholders in order to restore social legitimacy (Dittrick, 2010). For such, it has to make ways for the restoration activities to minimize the impacts of the spill. Besides, the occurrence of spill resulted in the establishment of a US trust of twenty billion dollars that the company must pay for a response to its ineffective affairs. This sheds light on the indirect authority of the community and therefore, BP must conduct such operations effectively and rapidly. Public interest theory This theory is related to the companies and their role towards securing the efficacies of the entire economy. Agencies are duty bound to implement strict actions during the occurrence of any urgencies. Furthermore, it must also be established when the action must be implemented and entrusted to the statutory bodies. Moreover, it has become problematic on the part of trustees to track the various products and services that have disappeared from the environment (Lahav, 2014). Therefore, considering the BP oil spill tragedy, the theory of public interest is not applicable in any case because the company never focused on the efficacy of the entire economy. Besides, its annual report also did not highlight any activity undertaken to assist the people or benefit the economy. Interconnection of the theories with Accounting Record The legitimacy theory provides that companies that are viewed as legitimate must function within a prescribed set of rules and regulation. Besides, disclosure is one such step that can assist in maintaining legitimacy as it can address the concerns of society regarding the companys functioning. However, in relation to the case of BP, it can be viewed that the company is accused because it has failed to implement adequate disclosure measures in its reporting framework, thereby resulting in the loss of societys confidence (Cherry Sneirson, 2010). Moreover, if the company had not restricted the details regarding the oil spill, it would not have resulted in such a situation. Therefore, the company must make steps to keep its stakeholders adequately informed of its activities in order to stay legitimate as a whole. According to the public interest theory, it can be observed that there is a presence of delicacy on the market and it will not perform adequately if permitted to function on its own. Since there was a restriction of sufficient resources; the agencies became incapable of operating in an appropriate way. Besides, even the enforcement resources of the company were insufficient that resulted in the major downfall of the companys trust and the tragedy as a whole (Cherry Sneirson, 2010). Based on the stakeholder theory, there is an urgent need for adoption of ethical activities on the part of the management. BP must be able to concentrate on matters relating to the development of an effective bond with its stakeholders. Besides, since the company had to go through major dissatisfaction from the public post the oil spill, it can be said that the company was responsible for the tragedy (Khatchadourian, 2011). However, it maintained a strong position by progressing in the right direction towards facilitation of restoration activities. Role of regulators The role of statutory bodies is very important for companies like British Petroleum because they can assist in framing an effective balance, thereby ultimately resulting in a smooth functioning. Furthermore, adherence to statutory rules and regulations become easier with the help of such regulators. Moreover, companies can also enhance their brand image in the eyes of the public through addressing their issues on the direction of the regulators (Juhasz, 2011). However, in relation to BP, resources and other enforcement resources were insufficient that could have assisted in protecting the public. Besides, a minimal focus was granted towards drilling and other relevant operations. Explanation of the position Determination of the influence of costs is very problematic, especially when these are non-quantifiable. However, in relation to BP, these costs possess a vital part in giving shape to the future of the company. As per my notion, the following proper patterns of the disclosure can assist in enhancing the corporate image of the company. Therefore, it must disclose all the relevant costs that are incurred on the part of other industries regarding the occurrence of the oil spill (Rampton Gardner, 2012). Moreover, adherence of IAS 37 can be a relevant consideration for the company because it takes into account contingent liabilities, assets, and provisions (Broder Krauss, 2011). Besides, such provisions for cleaning process are required under the standard that must be measured under the amount. In addition, it can also assist in the calculation of environmental impacts of the oil spill through consideration of economic standards. On a whole, it can be commented that the model can play a key role in permitting the company to quantify the decline of natural resources and thereafter determine the future value with effectiveness and flexibility. Conclusion BP oil spill had a major influence on its market capitalization that resulted in the deterioration of its financial position as a whole. The company had to expend more than thirty billion dollars in response to the compensation procedures, cleaning processes, research activities, and lawsuits that were made against it. Moreover, as of June 25, the stock prices of the company reported the lowest and this could be attributed to a major impact on the companys market capitalization. Nevertheless, even though the financial position of the company was powerful, yet the accident resulted in degrading its stock prices. On a whole, implementing effective steps in the future can assist the company to make up for the losses incurred due to the tragedy. Besides, laying a framework of CSR activity on the part of the company is also relevant. References Broder, J. M 2012, Ruling Favours Owner of Rig in Gulf Spill, The New York Times, viewed 19 May 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/27/Accounting/energy-environment/transocean-not-liable-for-some-gulf-spill-claims-judge-rules.html. Broder, J. M., Krauss, C 2011, Regulation of Offshore Rigs Is a Work in Progress, The New York Times, viewed 18 May 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/17/us/politics/17regulate.html?pagewanted=all_r=0 Cherry, M.A Sneirson, J.F 2010, Beyond Profit: Rethinking Corporate Social Responsibility and Green washing after the BP Oil Disaster, Tulane Law Review, vol. 85, no.4, pp. 983-1038. Dittrick, P 2010, Investors ask firms to outline deepwater risks, spill-response plans, Oil and Gas Journal, vol. 108, no. 30, p. 26. Jacobson, M 2013, By the Numbers: The Oil Spill and BP's Legal Troubles, PBS News Hour, viewed 18 May 2017, https://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/2013/07/gulf-oil-spill-by-the-numbers.html Jefferson, J Bowling, N 2011, The Economic and Biological Impacts of The BP Oil Spill, NDS 372.01 Environmental Studies Capstone Seminar. Juhasz, A 2011, Black tide: the devastating impact of the Gulf oil spill, John Wiley and Sons, New Jersey Khatchadourian, R 2011, The Gulf war, Was there any heroes in the BP Oil Disaster, viewed 18 May 2017 https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/03/14/the-gulf-war Lahav, A 2014, The ideas that underly BPs cert petition dont make sense, viewed 18 May 2017 https://neworleans.legalexaminer.com/toxic-substances/professor-lahav-the-ideas-that-underly-bps-cert-petition-dont-make-sense/ Rampton, R Gardner, T 2012, U.S. bans BP from new government contracts after oil spill deal, viewed 18 May 2017 https://articles.chicagotribune.com/2012-11-28/business/sns-rt-us-bp-contractsbre8ar0m1-20121128_1_bp-plc-deepwater-horizon-oil-spill

Running Head HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT ON PRODUC Essays

Running Head: HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT ON PRODUCTIVITY Effects of Human Resources Management On Productivity Topic Proposal Annette J. Gouag Davenport University HRM700 Professor Bill Powers January 17, 2018 Abstract Human Resource Management (HRM) has a crucial role in any company. Functions that include individual and group incentive pay, in addition to several non pay aspect of employment relationship of the business , a spects such as hiring and firing, work organization such as team s dynamic and autonomy. that include has now become a major field in labor economics. The objective of my research is to use standard and functional economic tools to the special circumstances of managing employees within corporation s in order to better understand the impact of HRM on business productivity . In this r esearch , I will examine the relationship between Human Resource Management (HRM) and productivity. I will start with important facts on trends and levels of both HRM and productivity and the main economic theories of HRM. I will emphasize on some of the determinants of HRM including risk, competition, ownership and regulation. The largest section analyses the impact of HRM on productivity emphasizing issues of methodology, data and results (from micro-econometric studies). I will then conclude by briefly bringing forward suggestions of avenues for future frontier work. My topic selection for this research paper is about understanding the Effects of human resources management on productivity'. In researching this topic, I will examine how the impact of HMR management of personnel enhance productivity and the various factors that are linked to it (Bloom, 2010). The human resource covers a large area and in particular I will be looking at specific areas like work motivations or incentives and work organization that enables the company workforce to give in more effort and work harder for the company (Bloom, 2010). The human resource management is an extensive territory of study and in this report I plan to concentrate especially on how the management of workforce enhances efficiency. The report will be made through the broad research of scholastic papers published throughout the world. The parts of human asset that are of specific importance to increase efficiency or productivity would comprise compensation system, examination framework, advancements and vocation improvement. This angle are especially going to be taken up on the grounds that for people working for any firm, these viewpoints are the fundamental and most normal prerequisites for people to work harder for the firm and eventually enhance productivity (Nickson, (n.d.)). Another perspective that I will examine is the one on work association in order to make sense of how the human resource management can enhance productivity concurrently. The work association particularly alludes to the dissemination of decision rights amongst managers and employees, work outline and work adaptability, teamwork and group solidarity and data arrangement (Park, 2008). Every one of these components come together to increment the inspiration level of workers and consequently lead to an increase in profitability (Ichniowski, 1995). In conclusion, these are the primary factors that will be examined further to demonstrate the speculation that HR administration has a strong impact on profitability expansion. References Bloom, N. (2009). Human Resource Management (HRM) and productivity. Accessed on January 17th 2018, from http://emlab.berkeley.edu/users/cle/secnf/vanreenen_slides.pdf Bloom, N. (2010). Human Resource Management and Productivity. Accessed January 17 2018, from http://www.stanford.edu/nbloom/w16019.pdf Ichniowski, K. S. (1995). The Effects of Human Resource Management Practices on Productivity. The National Bureau of Economic Research. Accessed January 20, 2018, from http://www.nber.org/papers/w5333 Nickson, S. H. (n.d.). Employee champion' or business partner'?. The views of aspirant HR professionals. University of Strathclyde. Accessed January 20 2018, from http://www.cipd.co.uk/NR/rdonlyres/B227B99E-72CF-491A-B460-D4648F64E92B/0/Centres_Conference08seminarResearchNicksonetal.pdf Park, T. A. (2008). Productivity and efficiency impacts of human resources practices in food retailing. Industry Studies Association. Accessed January 20 2018, from http://isapapers.pitt.edu/117/